Multiple stitch sewing machine



March 9, 1937. ROSEMAN 2,072,966

MULTIPLE STITCH SEWING MACHINE I Filed July 25, 1934 7 sheets-sh eet l Z INVENTOR MTORNEY March 9,1937." ROSEMAN 2,072,966

MULTIPLE STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed July 25, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ZiTORNEY March 9, 1937. ROSEMAN 2 ,072,966

MULTIPLE STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed July 25, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR .W I

, TORNEY March 9, 1937. ROSEMAN 2,072,966

MULTIPLE STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed July 25, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 TORNEY March 9, 1937. ROSEMAN MULTIPLE STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed July 25, 1934 7 Sheets-Sheet e TORNEYI March '9,- 1937. ROSE-MAN 2,072,966

MULTIPLE STITCH SEWING MACHINE Filed July 25, 1954 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Patented 9, 1937 MI JLTIPLE STITCH S EAWING MACHINE Leo Roseman, Newarln'N. J. Application July 25, 1934, Serial No. 736,806

3 Claim.

This invention relates generally to sewing machines and more particularly to a sewing machine for automatically making a continuous line of stitches including groups of stitches each group 5 having a plurality of stitches in superposed relation to each other, whereby thestitching shall be unusually strong and neat in appearance.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of this character which shall be capable of automatically producing a continuous line of stitches composed of continuous stitches and including groups of longitudinal stitches having the stitches of each group arranged in exactly superposed relation to each other andpassing through the same openings in the pieces of material, whereby the line of stitching shall be stronger than the known plurality of separate continuous superposed rows and at the same time shall appear, as neat and compact as a continuous row of single stitches.

In said known form of stitching a continuous row of single stitches is made in one direction on the material and then another continuous row of single stitches in the opposite direction is formed in superposed relation to the first row, so as to form groups of superposed stitches, but the combined strength of such separate superposed rows of stitches is not in proportion to a perfect union of the strengths of the individual rows. I believe that one reason for this is that the stitches of each group are not in predetermined superposed relation to each other and do not pass through the same openings in the material, and therefore the various stitches may cut or break several threads in the fabric being stitched,

or form a plurality of holes in the stitched material, so as to weaken the fabric or material and permit the'stitches to tear out under slight strain, and also deface the material especially 40 fine silks, satins or close woven fabrics having a sheen. The damaging effect of such stitching is especially evident where elastic fabric is stitched, as in corsets, because the breaking of the elastic strands by the stitches not only weakens the fabric but causes unsightly wrinkles and bulges therein and results in the ends of the broken elastics protruding through the fabric so as to produce unsightly dark spots. Furthermore the stitches of the various groups are not continuous and have no connection with each other, and due to different tensionsin making the different stitches, they may be of unequal strength. Because of this, the stitches must independently withstand strains on the material and there is a 55 lack of united and uniform strain resisting function, so that the stitches may separately break, In addition to these objections the rows of stitches are irregular and unsightly in appearance. l

My machine is especially useful in'making garments having sewed to the edges thereof tapes or strips of fabric having thereon separable fastener elements such as eyelets, hooks and eyes. For example, corsets are formed of a plurality of pieces laced together, each piece having a strip of fabric containing eyelets stitched to one edge thereof, and a lacing being threaded through the eyelets. Under tension inapplying the corset to a figure, great strain is concentrated upon the stitching at the side of the eyelets opposite that from which the strain is imposed which results in a short time in several of the stitches behind the eyelet breaking under the strain; while the stitches between the eyelets are not subjected to much strain the breaking of the stitches attli'e eyelets culminates in successive breaking of all of 1 the stitches so that the eyelet strip is-eventually pulled away or detached from the garment. Similar effects occur in garments having 11 0k and eye tapes stitched thereto, the stitches adjacent the hooks and eyes being broken ..under'. the

strains incident to wearing of the garments.

attaches the fastener tape to the ,garmentcan be made with a group of superposedjstitches in With my machine the line'jof stitches which juxtaposition to each fastener element tolres ist the strains imposed upon the stitches adjacent the fastener, whereby the attachment or; he fastener tape to the garment is reenforcedf'and the life of the garment will be greatly prolon'g'd.

Many undergarments such as corsets ,or brasj,

sires have portions formed of elastic which may stretch in both of right angular disposed directions, and where seams are to be stitched great difficulty is encountered in making stitches which will permit stretching of the fabric longitudinally of the line of stitches, and where ordinary stitching is utilized the stitches'break under the stretching tension so thatgapsi are formed in the seams or the seams may open to permit the pieces of fabric'to pull apart. Therefore. another object of my .inve' ntio n is to provide a machine which shallv be capable of making a stitched scam in such elastic fabric which shall include alternately groups of superposed stitches and single stitches, sothat the single stitches may break under the stretching tension of the fabric topermit free stretching of the fabric longitudinally of the line of stitches between saidgroups, and the groups of stitches shall securely hold the seam against opening under the tension.

As known to those skilled in the art, a sewing in hine usually includes a drive shaft, and a work feed dog which is operatively connected to the drive shaft by two connections one of which moves the dog horizontally .back and forth while the other actuates the dog vertically up and down, the dog being raised and moved horil zontally in one direction in engagement with the work to move the latter and then being lowered away from the work and moved horizontally in the other direction to its initial position.

Furtherobjects of the invention are to provide 1 novel and improved means for automatically 20 the work travelling in one direction, one or more stitches can be made in superposed relation to one or more of the first stitches to form a continuous line of stitches including groups of iongitudinally alined superposed stitches; to provide such a machine whereby any desired number of stitches can be grouped in superposed relation to each other and groups of stitches can he made at different intervals or spaced relation as desired.

Other objects are to provide a novel and improved cam operated mechanism driven from-the driving shaft of the machine for actuating the feed dog horizontally, whereby the direction of movement of the feed dog can be reversed automatically at predetermined intervals and the feed dogcan be operated either of opposite directions horizontally for difierent predetermined periods of time to produce different numbers of stitches in either direction as desired, and to obtain other advantages and results as will be brought out by the following description.

For the purpose of illustrating the principles of my invention I have shown itin combination with a known type of sewing machine having a known work-feed mechanism which I have modified in accordance with my invention, although the invention can be utilized in other types ,of

' sewing machines without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in which corresponding and like parts are designated throughout the several views by the same reference characters,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a sewing machine embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a bottom plan view thereof.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary top plan view of the machine.

Figure 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view on the line H of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a similar view on the line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a modified form of cam.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary side elevation showing the relationship of the follower andcam in the construction shown in Figure 6.

' Figure 10 is a plan view of a,modiflcation of Figures 11 to 14 inclusive are schematic transverse vertical sectional views through the work feed mechanism showing the various steps in the operation of making one stitch in a forward direction of the work.

Figures 11a, 12a, 13a, and 14a are schematic side elevations of a piece of work and the work feed dog illustrating the stitch formation during the steps shown in Figures 11 to 14 respectively.

Figures 11b, 12b, 13b, and 14b are views similar to Figures 11a to 14. inclusive illustrating the formation of the next stitch during the steps illustrated in Figures 11 to 14 respectively.

Figures 110 to 130 are similar views illustrating the formation of the next stitch.

Figure 14d shows the relationship of the feed dog to the work and stitches during the step shown in Figure 14, the illustration of operations of the formation of several stitches being omitted between Figures 130 and 14d.

Figures 11d and 12d show the relationships of the work stitches andfeed dog during the steps illustrated in Figures 11 and 12 just prior to a reversal of the direction of movement of the feed dog.

Figures l5, l6, 17, and 18 are views similar to Figures 11 to 14 inclusive illustrating the steps in the formation of a stitch during reverse movement of the work.

Figures 15a to 18a show the relationship of the work, stitches and feed dog during the formation of the first reverse stitch during the steps illustrated by Figures 15 to 18 respectively.

Figures 15b to 17b illustrate the formation of the next reverse stitch.

Figure 19 is a schematic plan view of another form of stitching.

Figure 20 is a schematic plan view showing another modified form of stitching. I

Figure 21 is a schematic plan view like Figure 20 showing another form of stitching wherein the line includes a plurality of continuous groups each including three stitches.

Figure 22 is a fragmentary plan view of a section of a garment having fastener elements thereon and including the line of stitches formed with my. machine for reenforcing the seam in juxtaposition to the fastener elements, and

Figure 23 is a fragmentary perspective view of the edge of a corset having lacing eyelets, showing a line of stitching formedby'my machine for reenforcing the attachment oRQie eyelet strip to the main portion of a garment.

Specifically describing the illustrated form of the machine embodying my invention, the reference character A designates the bed plate of the machine which has the usual standard B thereon formed with a goose neck C at one end of which is mounted the needle bar D. The needle bar is driven in the usual way from the drive shaft!!! of the machine which is journaled in the standard B and goose neck C. With the needle bar and its needle, cooperates a bobbin mechanism F of the usual type, the needle bar and its operating devices and the bobbin and its operating parts constituting a stitch forming mechanism.

The machine also includes work feeding mechanism for moving work through the stitch forming mechanism, that is, between .the needle and the bobbin mechanism, and as shown, this work feed mechanism includes a feed dog I which is movable vertically and horizontally relative to the usual throat plate 2 in the bed of, the machine, the dog being raised through the throat plate and moved horizontally in one direction in engagement with the work to move the latter and then being lowered away from the work and moved horizontally in the other direction to its initial position. The dog is operated from the drive shaft E of the machine and as, shown is mounted on a link 3 one end of which is bifurcated at 4 and has a pin and slot connection 5 with a crank 8 on a counter shaft I journaled in the bed plate of the machine. The other end of the link 3 is pivotally connected at 8 to a crank 9 on another counter shaft I journaled in the bed of the machine. The countershaft I is rotated alternately in opposite directions by a crank arm ll connected to the shaft and having a bifurcated end l2 in which rotates a cam l3 mounted on a secondary drive shaft I! which is journaled in the bed of the machine and is driven by the usual crank and pitman connection l from the drive shaft E. With this construction, the counter shaft 1 is rotated alternately in opposite directions so as to vertically raise and lower the said dog I through the throat plate 2 into and out of engagement with the work.

For actuating the feed dog horizontally, the countershaft I0 is rotated alternately in opposite directions in accordance wtih the principles of my invention. As shown, the countershaft III has a pin l'l projecting laterally therefrom through a slot l8 in the bed of the machine, the end of said pin being arranged in an opening I! in an actuating slide 20 so that the pin has a hinged or pivotal connection with the slide and reciprocation of the slide will cause rotation of the shaft Ill alternately in opposite directions. The slide 20 is mounted on the bed of the machine in suitable guides 2|.

One end of the slide 20 has a pin and slot connection 22 with one end of a lever 23 which is pivotally mounted at 24 on a horizontal axis on a bracket 25 secured upon the top of the bed A of the machine. roller 26 which is arranged in the cam groove 21 of a box cam 28. This cam 28 is mounted on an auxiliary shaft 30 that is journaled with its aids vertical in bearings 3| and 32, and has a worm gear 33 thereon which meshes with a worm 34 on the drive shaft E. Preferably the ratio of the gearing is such that the cam 28 will be rotated one revolution for a number of revolutions of the drive shaft E corresponding to the' number of stitches to be formed on each revolution of the cam. The cam groove 21 has cam surfaces 35 which will be hereinafter described in detail so that upon rotation of the cam through the gearing 33 and 34, the lever 23 will be oscillated about its pivot to reciprocate the actuating slide 20 and rotate the countershaft i0 so as to actuate the feed dog I horizontally and vary the operation thereof, for example reverse the direction of movement or interrupt the movement, at predetermined intervals.

The machine operates generally as does any other sewing machine of this general character, the needle being reciprocated so as to penetrate the work and the work being moved step by step beneath the needle while the latter is out of the work so as to form a stitch at the end of each step of movement. However, my machine differs from known machines in thatthe movement of One form of stitching is shown Figure 9 Carried by the lever 23 is a follower includes seven continuous single stitches .a, b,

c, d, e. .f, and g which are formed upon movement of the work in one direction, and a line h of three stitches which are disposed in superposed relation to three of the first seven stitches and are formed upon movement 'of the work in the reversed direction. Another line i of three stitches is superposed upon the stitches it upon movement of the work in the first-mentioned direction, and two separate stitches k and l are formed in superposed relation to the stitch g of the first seven stitches. upon movement of the work alternately in opposite directions. For clearness in illustration the stitches are shown side by side or laterally spaced but actually they are arranged one on top of another, and it will be seen that they forma continuous line of stitches including longitudinally alined groups of superposed stitches.

Figures 11 to 14 inclusive illustrate schematically the formation of a single stitch upon movement of the work H in one direction, for example forwardly or to the right as shown by the arrows in the drawings. In Figure 11, the feed dog I is shown at the completion of its upward movement into engagement with the work and at the beginning of its horizontal movement forwardly or to the right. In Figure 12 the feed dog has moved the work H to the right to make a stitch, while in Figure 13 the dog is shown as being lowered away from the work and in Figure 14 the dog is shown as being moved horizontally in the opposite direction to its initial position just prior to its being elevated to again engage the work. 1

Figures 11a to 14a illustrate the formation of the stitch a of Figure 9, while Figures 11b to 14billustrate the formation'of stitch b in Figure 9, and Figures 110 to 130 illustrate the formation of the stitch 0. During the formation ofall of these stitches up to and including the stitch g the work has been moved forwardly or to the right. The portions 28a to 289 respectivelyv of the groove 21 of the cam 23 cooperate with the follower roller 26 to form the stitches a to g.

This is illustrated in Figure which shows a plain cam of the same configuration as the box shown in Figure 8. As the cam formations for each of these stitches are identical, we shall describe only one in detail. When the follower 26 is on the dwell surface a the horizontal move-' ment of the feed dog is interrupted andthe dog is being moved into its upper position ready to begin forward movement. The needle is then disposed above the work in the position corresponding to said position of the feed dog as in known sewing machines. When the cam has been rotated to bring the surface b into contact with the roller 26, the lever 23 is actuated to move the feed dog horizontally forward to advance the work a distance equal to the length of one stitch, whereupon the needle descends to penetrate the work. Continued rotation of the cam then moves the dwell surface 0' under the roller to interrupt horizontal movement of the feed dog and the dog is moved by shaft 1 to its lower position at the end of the forward stitch. Then the inclined surface d reverses to a, actuates the feed dog backwardly in its lower position to begin another forward movement for making another stitch, and while the dwell e' zontally stationary during the period in which otherwise it would be returned to the beginning of its forward movement, and the dwell h .continues to hold the dog against horizontal movement. During the dwell h however, the dog is again raised into engagement with the work as illustrated in Figures and 16 and the inclined surface 1' then moves the dog horizontally backwardly or to the left in the drawings so as .to move the work backwardiy as shown in Figures 16 and 17 to form the first stitch in line of stitches h. The succeeding three stitches are then formed in the same manner by the cam positions 2811 and 281', as shown in Figures 150 to 18a and Figures 15b to 17b. It will be noted that in Figure 171) only the second stitch of the line It has been completed but that the operation will be continued until the next stitch of that line has been completed. At the end of the line 72., the

direction of movement of the feed dog is again reversed by the portion 201 of the cam in the manner above described to form the line i of stitches. At the end of the line i the portion 281: of the cam again reverses the direction of move- 'ment of the feed dog so as to form the stitch k at the end of which the engagement of the portion I of the cam with the roller again changes the direction of movement of the feed dog to form stitch l by portion ll of the cam. Thereupon this cycle of operations is repeated to form a second series of stitches 0-1, until a complete line G of desired length has been produced.

It will be observed from the foregoing that the shape of the cam groove 21 is actually what controls the variations in the operation of the feed dog, and the shape of the cam may be varied as desired to form lines of stitches including any desired number of' groups of stitches in different spaced relations and including different numbers of stitches, and the cam may also be shaped to vary the lengths of the stitches.

In Figure 19 is shown another form of stitching wherein the line I includes alternate single 56 stitches m and groups n of five stitches each. In

Figure 20 the line of stitches K includes alternate single stitches o and groups of three stitches p. This form of stitching is especially useful for stitching the seams of elastic fabric because the single stitches may break to permit stretching of the fabric while the group stitches will hold the seam against opening. In Figure 21 is shown a line of stitches L including a plurality of continuous groups of three stitches each.

Instead of using a box cam as shown in Figure 8 I may use a plain cam as shown in Figure 10.

The cam surfaces may be identical in both cams but with the plain cam a spring Illa would have to be utilized for holding the follower roller in engagement with the cam surfaces.

While I have described the machine as operating with a simple vertically reciprocable needle and means for'automatically reversing the direction of movement of the feed dog, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that I might use an oscillatory needle which moves forwardly and backwardly, in. combination with means for periodically interrupting movement of the work .feed mechanism so that the needle may penetrate the work several times in the same places to form a group of superposed stitches.

In some instances it may be desirable to start the line of stitches at a predetermined point, that is, to begin the line with a certain stitch. For this purpose, I may provide a pointer U on the cam shaft to cooperate with an indicator V on the frame of the machine so that when the pointer and indicator are in juxtaposition the cam is set to begin the stitching operation with a certain stitch. The pointer U is adjustable circumferentially of the shaft to accommodate changes in the starting points of the stitching operations. I I

A copending application of Herman Rosenman filed June 28, 1934, Serial No. 732,924 shows many different uses for the stitching it is possible to make with my machine. One of these uses is illustrated-in Figure 22 of the drawings where a line of stitches M is utilized for securing together two strips of fabric N and 0, one having buttons or other fasteners P connected thereto in spaced relation. The line of stitches has a plurality of groups Q in juxtaposition to each fastener element to reenforce the same against the strains imposed on the fastener elements during use thereof.

Another use of the invention is shown in Figure 23 where a line B of stitches, for example like the line L shown in Figure 21, is utilized for connecting an eyelet strip 8 to the edge of a section T of a corset. The plurality of continuous groups of stitches each including a plurality of continuous stitches, provides a very secure attachment of the eyelet strip to the garment which will effectually withstand the strains incident to use of the garment.

In all forms of the invention the stitches of each group pass through the same neeedle openings in the fabric. It is of course desirable that all of the stitches of a group pass through the opening or interstice defined by two warp threads and two weft threads of a piece of fabric, but in any event it is desirable that the several stitches pass through the same openings in the fabric even should one of the stitches cut or weaken one of the warp'or weft threads, since in this way the possibility of weakening the material by the cutting of several threads of the fabric by several different stitches is reduced. Obviously, if the stitches do not pass through the same openings,

there is a possibility of several of the warp and weft threads being torn or broken adjacent the stitches so as to greatly weaken the fabric and permit the stitches to pull out of the fabric under slight strains. By forming the stitches as above described they are disposed in predetermined superposed relation to each other and the. stitches .of the various groups are not continuous and do not pass'through the same openings in the fabric, and wherein the stitches of a group may have have shown the follower roller 26 mounted on a bracket 23a that is adjustable by screws and slots 23b on the lever 23 so that the roller can be moved longitudinally of the lever and thereby change the leverage of the latter. By moving the bracket 23a toward or from the pivot 24, the length of stitches can be lengthened or shortened, respectively. Also where a plain cam 280 and spring IDais used, an adjustable set' screw stop 28] may be provided for the lever 23 to limit the length of the return swing thereof. Obviously, the shorter the distance of movement of the lower end of the lever 23, the shorter will be the stitch formed by movement of the slide 20 and rotation of the shaft 10.

While I have shown and described one form of my invention and several uses therefor, it should be understood that this is primarily for illustrating the principles of the invention and that the invention may be embodied in many different details of structure and used for many different purposes without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself in the construction and use of the invention except as may be required by the following claims when construed in the light of the prior art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A sewing machine comprising a stitch forming mechanism, a drive shaft, 9. work feed dog,

an operative connection between said feed dog and said shaft for alternately vertically raising and lowering the dog and a second operative connection between said'shaft and said feed dog for actuating the dog horizontally and automatically changing the direction of horizontal movement at predetermined intervals, said second operative connection including a cam driven by said shaft, a lever pivoted at one end, an operative connection between the other end of said lever and said feed dog, and a follower for said cam mounted on said lever for adjustment longitudinally thereof to vary the length of the stitches.

2. A sewing machine comprising a stitch forming mechanism, a drive shaft, a work feed dog, an operative connection between said feed dog and said shaft for alternately vertically raising and lowering the dog into and out of engagement with the work, a cam driven by said shaft, a countershaft connected to said feed dog to reciprocate the latter horizontally upon rotation in opposite directions of the countershaft, a lever pivoted at one end and following said cam, and a connection between said lever and said countershaft to rotate the latter, said cam having cam surfaces to oscillate said lever and reciprocate said dog and certain other cam surfaces to change the relation of the connection between said countershaft and,said feed dog while the latter is in its lowered position to change the direction of the work feeding move- I ment of the feed dog.

3. A sewing machine including a stitch forming mechanism including a drive shaft and a reciprocating needle, a work feed dog an operative connection between said feed dog and said drive shaft for vertically actuating said dog altern'ately into and out of engagement with the work, a countershaft, an operative connection between said countershaft and said feed dog to move the latter horizontally in opposite directions upon rotation of said countershaft in opposite directions in timed relation to reciprocation of said needle to feed the work in one or the other of two opposite directions upon each work engaging horizontal movement of said feed dog, a cam driven by said drive shaft, a follower for said cam operatively connected tosaid countershaft to rotate the latter, said cam having a plurality of cam surfaces to rotate said countershaft in each of said opposite directions in alternate relation to said vertical movements of the feed dog, and other cam surfaces in predetermined relation to the first-mentioned cam surfaces to interrupt rotation of said countershaft while said feed dog is in its lower position and change the direction of said work engaging horizontal movements of said feed dog.

LEO ROSEMAN. 

